Showing 13 results for Efficacy
Ghanbar Rouhi, Seyyed Abedin Hosseini, Hossein Rahmani Anaraki, Einollah Mollaie, Hossein Nasiri,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (1-2013)
Abstract
Background and Objective: With the development of human societies, the needs for different types of health services are increasing. Because of limitations and shortage of national resources, the awareness of health administrators about appropriate allocation of resources leads to efficient use of assets. The aim of this study was to measure the workload and efficacy of nursing staff in internal ward.
Material and Methods: This descriptive and cross sectional study was conducted on, via census sampling, all nursing activities performed by 10 nurses for 94 patients in Panje-Azar Hospital of Gorgan. To determine the efficacy, we asked the subjects to fill out a researcher made, validated questionnaire and measured the time of their presence in the ward. Data analysis was performed by analysis variance, using SPSS-16 software.
Results: Of total time of presence, 20.3% is spent for documentary activities whereas only 0.49% for patient education. Overall, the spent time for direct and indirect nursing activities is 46.46% and 53.54%, respectively. The efficacy of nursing staff is 62%, the highest (66.6 %) for morning shift and the lowest for night shift (58.34 %). There is no significant difference, using analysis variance, in efficacy rates of work shifts (morning, evening and night).
Conclusion : In spit of efficacy of over 50 percent in different shifts, the educational programs related to time management, human resource development and electronic nursing are necessary to increase the efficacy.
Neda Sanaie, Soraya Nejati, Dr Mitra Zolfaghari, Dr Fatemeh Alhani, Dr Anooshiravan Kazemnejad,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (10-2013)
Abstract
Background and objective: Coronary Bypass Graft Surgery (CBG) is one of the therapeutic approaches having the leading effects on the function of the patients. Because of paramount importance of self-efficacy and self-esteem, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of family-centered empowerment on the self- efficacy and self-esteem of the patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery.
Material and Methods: This case control clinical trial was conducted on 102 patients with elective heart surgery and 102 of their active family members in 2011. The patients were selected via convenience sampling and randomly assign
ed to experimental and control group. After measuring the self-efficacy and self-esteem, family-centered empowerment care, including individual training, group discussion, film and active participation, was performed in experimental and just routine care in control group. Using PASW statistics-18, we analyzed the data.
Results: The results showed that the two groups were the same considering population variables and the mean scores of self-efficacy and self-esteem. The level of self-efficacy and self-esteem in case group were significantly higher than those of controls (P<0.000). After intervention, the mean score of self-efficacy and self-esteem were increased (P<0.0000).
Conclusion:In regard with the results, family-centered empowerment care in patients undergoing CBG is practically feasible , and it can be helpful in improving self-efficacy and self- esteem.
Dr Hossein Ebrahimi, Mahdi Sadeghi, Milad Bazghaleh,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (11-2014)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Due to the widespread impact of diabetes on various aspects of life and the important role of self-efficacy in self-care behaviors of diabetic patients, we aimed at determining the relationship between quality of life dimensions and self-efficacy, and some related factors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 156 patients, selected via convenience sampling, with type II diabetes in Shroud (2013). The instruments were a demographic checklist, diabetic quality of life questionnaire and self-efficacy questionnaire. Data analysis was performed by descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient (0.05).
Results: in accordance with the results, the quality of life was moderate and the lowest score was related to physical dimension. There was a significant relationship between self-efficacy and all aspects of quality of life in that the patients with higher self-efficacy had the more quality of life. Moreover, there was a significant linear relationship between quality of life and variables such as age, diabetes duration and body mass index.
Conclusion: given that the increased self-efficacy is associated with quality of life improvement , it seems likely that we can maximize the quality of life in these patients by applying self-efficacy enhancement programs.
Maryam Askaryzadeh Mahani , Laleh Soleimani, Niloofar Zafarnia, Sakineh Miri,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (12-2015)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Self-efficacy, one's belief in his ability to succeed in different situations, can have positive or negative effects on mental health. Students are considered as the community builders, and thus paying attention to their psychological dimensions is a paramount importance to health of community. This study aimed at determining the relationship of self–efficacy and mental health with academic achievement of students in Bam nursing school.
Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on all students with eligibility criteria in 2011. The instruments were General Self–Efficacy Scale (GSES), Symptom Checklist-25 (SCL-25) and Grade Point Average (GPA) for academic achievement. To analyze the data, we used Ttest, ANOVA and Pearson correlation.
Results: The level of self-efficacy was weak in 3.6 %, moderate in 84.8 % and strong in 11.5% of students. Regarding mental health aspects, the highest score was related to psychotism and depression (4.21) and the lowest to Obsessive-compulsive (3.43). The mental health of students with strong self-efficacy was higher than that of others. GPA was not correlated significantly with self-efficacy (p=0.44, r=0.062) and mental health status (p=0.96, r=0.044).
Conclusion: Mental health and academic achievement are not adequate therefore, we recommend planning some educational program based on self-efficacy theory to improve both mental health and academic achievement.
Dr Zahra Nikmanesh, Shahnaz Kiekha,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (2-2016)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Given that nurses need numerous skills and high concentration in their job, they endure a lot of stress leading to serious physical and psychological consequences. We aimed to investigate the effect spiritual intelligence and self-efficacy on nurses’ resilience.
Material and Methods: This correlation study was conducted on 180 nurses (149 females and 31 males) selected via stratified random sampling in Zahedan University of Medical Sciences’ Hospitals, 2013. The questionnaires were resiliency of Connor and Davidson, spiritual intelligence of King, and self-efficacy of Sherer and Maddux. The data was analyzed by Pearson Correlation and Step-wise Regression.
Results: Nurses self-efficacy (r=0.59, p≤0.001) and nurses spiritual intelligence (r=0.50, p≤0.001) had a positive significant correlation with resiliency. Regression showed that in first step self-efficacy (0.35) and in next step self-efficacy and spiritual intelligence (0.46) were the positive predictors for resiliency.
Conclusion: It seemes that by developing self-efficacy and spiritual intelligence, we can increase the resilincy and consequently minimize the level of nurses' job stress.
Hossein Motahari Niya , Hamid Hojjati ,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (1-2019)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Surgery in children around the world, including our country, is a stressful activity for mothers of children and reduces their self-efficacy in childcare. It is important to use psychological training approaches, especially in mothers, to improve their self-efficacy. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive strategy training on reducing the stresses caused by Children's Surgery in mothers and on their self-efficacy.
Methods: In an experimental study in Taleghani Pediatric Center in 1396, 60 mothers whose children had surgery were randomly selected and allocated to intervention and control groups. The general psychological training and stress management program was implemented for the intervention group. Data collection tool was a questionnaire of two-part parenting self-efficacy questionnaire (PSAM DEMO).
Results: The independent t-test was not significantly different between the two groups before intervention (P-value = 0.72). However, after intervention, the level of self-efficacy in the intervention and control group showed a significant difference (P <0.01). Therefore, the level of self-efficacy in the control group was lower. ANOVA showed a significant difference between the intervention and control groups before and after the intervention (P <0.01). Eta of 0.47 shows that approximately 50% of the changes in the increase in self-efficacy of the mothers of children with preoperative surgery related to the intervention. Therefore, the mothers of the intervention group had more self-efficacy than the control group before surgery.
Conclusion: Strategies for providing appropriate education for mothers with children undergoing surgery can be suggested as an effective approach to increasing the self-efficacy of mothers in all hospitals throughout the country.
Azam Evin , Farnoosh Khojasteh , Hossein Ansari ,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (4-2020)
Abstract
Background: Introduction: Since birth, a stressful experience, self-efficacy and self-confidence play an important role in mother's perception of delivery. Today, yoga is used to control anxiety and increase the sense of self-efficacy in different areas. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of yoga on the self-efficacy of primiparous women.
Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2017 on 60 primiparous women aged 18-40 and referred to Zahedan health centers. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups of intervention and control. During the weeks 26-27 of pregnancy, 30 mothers of the intervention group, received 12-15 sessions of Yoga exercises and 30 mothers of control group received normal care. Data were collected using a demographic an self-efficacy questionnaires. The pre-test was completed at week 26 and post-test at weeks 34-36 with two weeks in between; the data was analyzed using paired t-test Mann-Whitney and chi-square tests, linear regression tests and SPSS 16.
Results: The mean of self-efficacy score before intervention in the experimental and control group was (78.43 ± 24.7) and (62.69 ± 21.74) and after the intervention (124.45 ± 13.26) and (16.33±92.75) respectively, and (P=0001).
Conclusions: After the intervention, the mean of self-efficacy increased. It seems that Yoga has been used to increase self-efficacy of primiparous women in the second and third trimesters.
Azade Safa, Farzaneh Saberi, Mahdieh Sabery, Neda Mirbagher Ajorpaz,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background: Promoting self-efficacy behaviors in self-care and people's true understanding of these behaviors are effective in controlling the disease, reducing the rate of transmission, and empowering patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of telephone counseling on self-efficacy in self-care behaviors of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods: This experimental study was conducted on patients with COVID-19 who had been referred to Shahid Beheshti hospital in Kashan, Iran, from May 2020 to August 2020. Eligible patients were recruited through convenience sampling and then allocated into an experimental (n=30) and a control (n=30) group using block randomization. In the experimental group, patients were trained through telephone counseling one, five, and 10 days after discharge. The control group received the usual training in the hospital. Data were gathered using a self-care questionnaire at different time intervals. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS software (version 11.5) using the Chi-square, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and t-test. The significance level was set at 0.05.
Results: The mean score of self-care at time of discharge and two and four weeks later were 47.86±6.84, 62.23±5.24 and 78.46±3.38, respectively. There was a significant difference in self-efficacy scores between the study groups at time of discharge (P=0.29). In addition, there was a significant difference in self-efficacy scores two weeks (P=0.01) and four weeks (P=0.001) after discharge from the hospital. The self-efficacy score in the experimental group increased significantly over time. Furthermore, group and time had significant effects on the self-efficacy score (P<0.05) two weeks (P=0.01) and four weeks (P=0.001) after discharge from the hospital between two groups.
Conclusion: Telenursing could improve COVID-19 patients' self-efficacy in self-care. Therefore, it is recommended to use telenursing in the treatment protocol of COVID-19 patients for improving self-care.
Ali Afshar, Shahzad Pashaeypoor, Shima Hghani, Naeimeh Sarkhani, Nasrin Nikpeyma,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background: Arthritis is one of the most common diseases among the elderly, which is affected by adherence to treatment and self-efficacy. The purpose of this study was to determine relationship of adherence to treatment and self-efficacy among the elderly with arthritis.
Methods: This descriptive–correlational study was conducted in 2019. Based on the convenience sampling method, 200 eligible elderly patients were recruited from three clinics affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using the Modanloo adherence to treatment questionnaire and the perceived self-efficacy scale. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics (mean, frequency percentage, and standard deviation) and analyzed using inferential statistics (the Pearson correlation coefficient) in SPSS software (version 16). The statistical significance level was set at 0.05.
Results: The mean age of patients was 67.97±5.32 years. The mean scores of self-efficacy and adherence to treatment among the elderly with arthritis were 119.8±35.3 and 123.88±23.04, respectively. There was a statistically significant correlation between adherence to treatment and self-efficacy (r=0.648). The strongest positive correlation (r=0.693) was observed in the subscale of adherence to the treatment, and the weakest positive correlation (r=0.228) was observed in the subscale of indecisiveness for applying treatment with pain.
Conclusion: Because of the direct relationship between treatment adherence and self-efficacy in the elderly with arthritis, healthcare policymakers and planners should develop and implement programs to increase self-efficacy and treatment adherence among the elderly with arthritis and other chronic diseases.
Somayeh Mousavi, Hamidreza Haririan, Hadi Hassankhani, Mahdieh Naeri,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background: In many countries, nurses serve as prescribers in the healthcare system to manage acute and chronic diseases. Nurse prescribing can be affected by specific variables, one of which is the nurses' self-efficacy. This study aimed to determine Iranian postgraduate nursing students’ attitudes and readiness for prescribing and its relationship with their self-efficacy in patient care.
Methods: This correlational study was conducted on 220 postgraduate nursing students of Tabriz Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran, from Dec 2022 to Mar 2023. The total population sampling method was employed to include all students, and data were collected using a three-part questionnaire: demographics, nurse prescribing (attitude, and readiness), and self-efficacy questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS-26 software. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze demographics. ANOVA and t-tests were employed to compare mean scores, while the Pearson correlation coefficient measured the linear correlation between data sets. The significance level for all tests was determined to be p <0.05.
Results: Postgraduate nursing students displayed a positive attitude (39.49±6.04) and strong readiness (40.49±5.33) for prescribing. They also had a strong sense of self-efficacy (166.57±17.05) in patient care. However, participants received the lowest mean score in their knowledge of pharmacology and the decisiveness dimension of self-efficacy. There was a significant positive correlation between the attitudes (r=0.286, p <0.0001) and readiness (r=0.55, p <0.0001) of participants for prescribing and their self-efficacy. PhD students (p=0.01) and those with more clinical work experience (p=0.02) had a positive attitude towards NP. Male students (p=0.02), PhD students (p=0.03), those with clinical work experience (p=0.04), and those who had prescribed medicine for patients or their families (p=0.006), were also more prepared for NP. PhD students (p=0.001), students with more clinical work experience (p=0.04), and those who had a greater interest in nursing (p=0.005) achieved higher mean self-efficacy scores.
Conclusion: Given postgraduate nursing students' positive attitudes toward prescribing, readiness to assume this responsibility, and high self-efficacy for patient care, it is possible to prepare them for this new role by improving their pharmacological knowledge and strengthening their decisiveness skills, especially doctoral nursing students.
Saliha Yurtçiçek Eren, Şükran Başgöl,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background: Breastfeeding is a complex process influenced by various factors, including social support, perceived milk insufficiency, and breastfeeding self-efficacy. This study aimed to explore the relationships between perceived social support, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and the perception of insufficient milk among breastfeeding mothers in eastern Türkiye in 2022.
Methods: This correlational study was conducted at a state hospital in eastern Türkiye with 500 breastfeeding mothers of infants aged 0-6 months attending the pediatric outpatient clinic. The participants completed the Sociodemographic Data Form, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form, and the Perceived Insufficient Milk Questionnaire. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between the scales, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.
Results: The mean scores were 62.91 ± 16.16 for perceived social support, 52.49 ± 9.03 for breastfeeding self-efficacy, and 38.25 ± 10.04 for perceived insufficient milk. Significant positive correlations were found between perceived social support and breastfeeding self-efficacy (r = 0.188, p < 0.001), perceived social support and the perception of insufficient milk (r = 0.251, p < 0.001), and breastfeeding self-efficacy and the perception of insufficient milk (r = 0.251, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: High levels of social support are associated with increased breastfeeding self-efficacy and improved perceptions of milk supply, thereby supporting both maternal and infant health. Healthcare professionals can enhance these outcomes by providing targeted training programs, motivational interviews, and social-cognitive support to breastfeeding mothers.
Ashraf Beirami , Zahra Rahemi,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background: Labor pain is a common concern among pregnant women, leading to fear and anxiety. Enhancing self-efficacy can play a crucial role in managing these complications. This study aims to evaluate the effect of mindfulness-based art therapy on the self-efficacy of multiparous and nulliparous women.
Methods: The present study was a randomized clinical trial with three parallel intervention arms (multiparous and nulliparous groups) and a control. The statistical population of the study included pregnant women (multiparous and nulliparous groups) referring to health centers (public and private) in Bandar Abbas city for prenatal care. A total sample size of 90 participants was determined, with 30 individuals randomly assigned to each group using a block randomization method. Participants were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Interventions were conducted in eight sessions, with 3 to 15 people in each group, in a face-to-face and coherent manner. Participants in the intervention and control groups were assessed three times: before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and four weeks after the intervention using the Iranian Childbirth Self-Efficacy Questionnaire and the Five-Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire. The data were then analyzed using SPSS version 26 software, employing ANOVA and repeated measures tests. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered.
Results: The mean self-efficacy scores for expectations during the active stage of labor immediately after the intervention were 162.07±11.28 (nulliparous), 163.07±12.02 (multiparous), and 145.77±27.50 (control group). Four weeks post-intervention, the scores were 162.07±11.98 (nulliparous), 163.07±12.02 (multiparous), and 145.77±27.50 (control group). The mean self-efficacy scores for expectations during the fourth stage of labor immediately after the intervention were 155.21±10.80 (nulliparous), 156.21±11.12 (multiparous), and 122.77±24.96 (control group). Four weeks after the intervention, these scores were 152.46±10.29 (nulliparous), 154.23±11.34 (multiparous), and 121.23±27.42 (control group). The mean mindfulness scores in both intervention groups (multiparous and nulliparous) were significantly higher immediately after the intervention (p=0.001) and four weeks later (p=0.001) compared to baseline.
Conclusion: The results indicated the effectiveness of mindfulness-based art therapy in enhancing self-efficacy and mindfulness among pregnant women. Thus, it is recommended that this therapeutic method be utilized to manage and reduce the fear of childbirth in pregnant women.
Seyedmohammad Mirhosseini, Ali Abbasi, Anahita Divani, Fateme Askarinezhad, Soheila Hasanpournamaghi, Samuel Grimwood , Ali Montazeri, Hossein Ebrahimi,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (3-2025)
Abstract
Background: Family caregivers of cancer patients encounter numerous challenges while providing care, and self-efficacy is a key factor in alleviating these negative effects. This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Caregiver Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES) among caregivers of cancer patients.
Methods: This methodological study employed a cross-sectional design involving 382 family caregivers of cancer patients in a teaching hospital in Iran, in 2024. The CSES was translated into Persian using the forward-backward procedure. The initial translation was assessed for face and content validity through both quantitative and qualitative methods. Construct validity was evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Discriminant validity was examined using the Heterotrait–Monotrait (HTMT) ratio. Reliability was assessed by evaluating internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha and Mcdonald's omega, and stability was measured using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).
Results: In this study, 53.7% of the participants were male, and the caregivers' mean age was 42.52 ± 11.83 years. Scale-level content validity index was reported 0.97 by expert panel during content validity stage. During the exploratory factor analysis, one item was excluded, leaving seven items were categorized into two factors: caregiver self-management and patient challenges. These factors collectively accounted for 43.9% of the variance in self-efficacy. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the adequacy of the model derived from the exploratory factor analysis (RMSEA = 0.05, GFI = 0.947, and CFI = 0.906). The factors demonstrated discriminant validity. Cronbach's alpha values for the patient challenges and caregiver self-management factors were 0.802 and 0.798, respectively. In addition, the ICC for these two factors was reported to be 0.830 and 0.802, respectively.
Conclusion: The Persian adaptation of the CSES demonstrates satisfactory validity and reliability for assessing the self-efficacy of family caregivers of cancer patients in Iran.
