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Volume 7, Issue 1 (8-2010)
Volume 7, Issue 1 (8-2010)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Pregnancy in the early years of reproductive period has been considered as a high-risk pregnancy. Since different factors interfere with pregnancy and its outcome in teenagers, this study was conducted to determine the outcomes of pregnancy and childbirth in adolescents in Dezyani Hospital of Gorgan, Iran (2008). Material and Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, we compared the pregnancy outcome of 91 primigravida teenagers (less than 19 years) with that of 89 women (19-29 years) as control group. The data collected from patients medical records are mother's age, gestational age, and fetal presentation , gestational hypertension, diabetes mellitus, the way of delivery, hemoglobin status before and after childbirth, first and fifth minute Apgar scores, neonatal anthropometric indices, mode of delivery, congenital anomalies. Data were analyzed with descriptive-analytic tests, using the SPSS.16 software. Results: The mean age of the case and control group is 17.73±1.30 and 24.56±2.54, respectively. In admission, young mothers have significant more weight and height (p<0.05). Mean gestational age is almost the same in teenage (38.59±3.15week) and young mothers (38.09±3.0week). Neonatal anthropometric indices and first and fifth minute Apgar scores are not significantly different in two groups. Conclusion: Mother's age can not be the only determinant of the outcome of pregnancy and childbirth. Pregnancy in teenagers isn't associated with the decrease of gestational age, anthropometric indices and Apgar score, and is not related with the increase of early childbirth and maternal and neonatal mortality.
Abdol-Hamed Yapan-Gharavi , Behrooz Ebrahimzadehkor, Ata-Mohammad Dorri,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (12-2015)
Volume 12, Issue 2 (12-2015)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Given the correlation of birth weight with growth indices, this study aimed at determing the growth indices of low birth weight (LBW) and normal birth weight of 2-5 year old children in rural areas of Gonbad, Iran.
Material and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, using multi-stage cluster sampling, 200 LBW 2-5-year-old children and 200 normal birth weight were selected. The data was collected through interview and analyzed by Pearson correlation, t-test and chi-square.
Results: The prevalence of shorter stature and low weight-for-age in case group was higher than those of controls, and the high weight-for-age was higher in control group. Gestational age, maternal Body Mass Index (BMI), intepregnancy interval and age of delivery were determined as the most important factors related to LBW.
Conclusion: The results imply that LBW affects adversely on growth indices in 2-5 year old children. Considering gestational age, maternal BMI, interpregnancy interval and age of delivery, we recommend recognizing the mothers who are at risk for delivery of LBW to educate and take care of them.
Houri Alijani, Narjes Sadat Borghei, Naser Behnampour,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (1-2019)
Volume 16, Issue 1 (1-2019)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Fear and anxiety during pregnancy will have a great impact on the mental health of the mother and the fetus, These conditions may be due to fear of childbirth, which can exacerbate sense of pain, severity of pain, anxiety, distress, discomfort and disability. Therefore, we decided to evaluate the factors affecting on fear of child birth.
Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was performed on 211 eligible mothers in health centers of Gorgan, Iran, in the second six months of 1396, by simple sampling. The Data was collected by Wijma Maternity Fear Questionnaire (A) and analyzed by SPSS software version 18, using Fisher and Kruskal Wallis tests at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The range of maternal fear of childbirth scores was from 14 to 120 with a mean of 61.75 and a standard deviation of 22.99. About 77.2% of mothers had a mild or moderate, 18.5% had clinical and 4.3% had severe fear of childbirth. In this study, the pregnant woman’s and her husband’s job, as well as husband's level of education, were identified as the most important influencing factor on the fear of childbirth.
Conclusion: According to this study, 18.5% of the Nulliparous mothers had clinical and 4.3% had sever fear of Childbirth; therefore, in order to promote the pregnant mother’s mental health, new strategies should be adopted to reduce this fear. In addition, knowing the factors affecting this fear will help us to plan and implement strategies to deal with the fear of childbirth more accurately.
Houri Alijani , Narjes Sadat Borghei, Naser Behnampour ,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (4-2020)
Volume 17, Issue 0 (4-2020)
Abstract
Background: Pregnancy is considered as a critical stage in the life of a woman due to the creation of new tasks and anxieties, If we consider the fear of childbirth as one of the main causes of pregnancy anxiety, To reduce it, we need to look for other solutions, such as psychological solutions. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of group-based cognitive-behavioral Educations on the fear of delivery of Primiparous mothers.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design, three groups were conducted in the second half of the year in 1396 cities of Gorgan.The data collection tool was a demographic data form and Wijma Delivery/Expectency fear of childbirth Questionnaire (version A). Primiparous Pregnant mothers who were 20-28 weeks old were asked to participate in the study through the Lean system, and 211 patients were referred to relevant health centers and clinics. They completed the maternity fear questionnaire. Among these mothers, 104 nulliparous women with average score of fear of childbirth of 55 and above were divided into three groups: first and second intervention and control group. Based on ethical considerations, the allocation of mothers to intervention and control groups conducted based on their desire. The first intervention group performed eight sessions of group training based on cognitive-behavioral techniques, the second intervention group spent eight sessions of conventional pregnancy training, and the control group did not receive any training. The scores of fear of childbirth in all three groups before and immediately after intervention were analyzed by ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon and paired t-test using SPSS software version 18, were compared and analyzed statistically. The significance level of the tests was considered to be 0.05.
Results: The results showed that before the intervention, the mean scores of fear of childbirth in the three groups were statistically significant and the first group of intervention (group training based on cognitive-behavioral techniques) had a higher mean scores 92.58 ± 12.70, compared to the second group of intervention (conventional education during pregnancy) was 66.54 ± 10.48 and the control group was 73.33 ± 13.13 (P-value <0.0001). Therefore, comparison of the difference before and after the mean scores and the rate of change in the three groups were used. Also, the mean scores of fear of childbirth after intervention in group training based on cognitive-behavioral techniques were 42.81 ± 18.45 in the conventional education group 67.19 ± 11.91 in control group 83.83 ± 18.28 and (P-value< 0/0001). The comparison of the mean scores of fear of delivery before and after intervention showed that group training based on cognitive-behavioral techniques -49.76 ± 19.86 was more than that of the conventional education groups in the period of pregnancy of 0.65 ± 10.14 And control group 11.5 ± 11.36 had a significant reduction in fear scores, which was statistically significant (P-value <0.0001).
Conclusions: Group-based cognitive-behavioral techniques focusing on reducing childbirth fears have the potential to reduce the fear of childbirth in all domains, for the promotion of normal delivery, the Changing the routine content of traditional pregnancy education is a matter of community based on cognitive-behavioral techniques, Focus on reducing fear of childbirth should be considered by healthcare providers.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design, three groups were conducted in the second half of the year in 1396 cities of Gorgan.The data collection tool was a demographic data form and Wijma Delivery/Expectency fear of childbirth Questionnaire (version A). Primiparous Pregnant mothers who were 20-28 weeks old were asked to participate in the study through the Lean system, and 211 patients were referred to relevant health centers and clinics. They completed the maternity fear questionnaire. Among these mothers, 104 nulliparous women with average score of fear of childbirth of 55 and above were divided into three groups: first and second intervention and control group. Based on ethical considerations, the allocation of mothers to intervention and control groups conducted based on their desire. The first intervention group performed eight sessions of group training based on cognitive-behavioral techniques, the second intervention group spent eight sessions of conventional pregnancy training, and the control group did not receive any training. The scores of fear of childbirth in all three groups before and immediately after intervention were analyzed by ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon and paired t-test using SPSS software version 18, were compared and analyzed statistically. The significance level of the tests was considered to be 0.05.
Results: The results showed that before the intervention, the mean scores of fear of childbirth in the three groups were statistically significant and the first group of intervention (group training based on cognitive-behavioral techniques) had a higher mean scores 92.58 ± 12.70, compared to the second group of intervention (conventional education during pregnancy) was 66.54 ± 10.48 and the control group was 73.33 ± 13.13 (P-value <0.0001). Therefore, comparison of the difference before and after the mean scores and the rate of change in the three groups were used. Also, the mean scores of fear of childbirth after intervention in group training based on cognitive-behavioral techniques were 42.81 ± 18.45 in the conventional education group 67.19 ± 11.91 in control group 83.83 ± 18.28 and (P-value< 0/0001). The comparison of the mean scores of fear of delivery before and after intervention showed that group training based on cognitive-behavioral techniques -49.76 ± 19.86 was more than that of the conventional education groups in the period of pregnancy of 0.65 ± 10.14 And control group 11.5 ± 11.36 had a significant reduction in fear scores, which was statistically significant (P-value <0.0001).
Conclusions: Group-based cognitive-behavioral techniques focusing on reducing childbirth fears have the potential to reduce the fear of childbirth in all domains, for the promotion of normal delivery, the Changing the routine content of traditional pregnancy education is a matter of community based on cognitive-behavioral techniques, Focus on reducing fear of childbirth should be considered by healthcare providers.
Asieh Sadat Baniaghil, Fatemeh Bayenat, Masumeh Rezaei Aval , Nasser Behnampour,
Volume 17, Issue 0 (4-2020)
Volume 17, Issue 0 (4-2020)
Abstract
Background: The birth of the first child is accompanied by concerns such as fear of fetal malformations, adaptation to new identities and fear of childbirth due to adverse effects that concern maternal, child health, pregnancy, delivery and health; It has a significant. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of emotion regulation training on fear of childbirth in pregnant women in Gorgan.
Methods: This field trial study included inclusion criteria: 18-9 years old, single, gaining more than 28 of the Birth Fear Questionnaire, and exclusion criteria: Non-Migration by the end of the study. Et al. (2008) standardized and localized. Exclusion criteria included: unwillingness to continue cooperation, occurrence of severe stressful event during the study (accident, death of a first degree relative), conversion of low risk pregnancy to high risk pregnancy (preterm birth, placental abnormalities, polygamy). , Recommended for absolute rest by a midwife or gynecologist). The scores on this questionnaire ranged from 14 to 56 and higher scores indicated greater fear. No Anxiety: You didn't have that fear at all. 2 Very Low Anxiety: Not enough to be called fear. Moderate anxiety: Annoying: but not enough to affect your health and comfort 4 High anxiety: Worry is a concern that affects your health and comfort.
Initially, after completing the informed consent form, and if they scored more than 1, they were told by the Fear Questionnaire, this was a research task with two intervention and control groups. The assignment to each of the groups is completely random, and if they are in the intervention group, they will be invited to participate in the emotion regulation classes and the classes are completely optional. They were then assigned to a random sequence of letters A and B using random block allocation (binary random blocks designed and executed by a computer system). Sorting the descending phobia scores downward for the volunteer mothers would result in homogeneity in successive scores (a suitable random stratification approach), so that the mean scores in groups A and B were very close to each other. The first group consisted of 10 subjects, with one person being excluded from the study during the sessions. The first group meetings ended with 9 people. The second group started with 10 people who ended up in sessions with 9 people due to the death of his father. The third group started with 11 people and the 11 people continued until the end. Statistical analysis was performed on 29 patients in the intervention group and 31 in the control group. The pretest-posttest and control group design was performed on 62 primigravida 28-32 weeks’ pregnant women in Gorgan health centers. Sampling was done by stratified random sampling and restricted minimization method. Data collection tool was demographic data form and Persian Questionnaire 14 "Fear of delivery" questionnaire which was completed by both groups at the beginning of the study. Mothers of intervention group in 9 to 11 group in two 120 minute sessions. Weekly group training received emotion regulation according to Grasse model. Mothers in control group did not receive any intervention. At the end of the eighth session, the postnatal phase of the Fear Questionnaire was completed with a range of 14 items by both groups. Statistical analysis was performed using parametric tests of chi-square, t-test, and non-parametric tests of chi-square, Mann-Whitney at 95% confidence level and 80% test power using SPSS 18 software.
Results: The results of the present study showed that in the control group, the mean fear score of 3 units (from 37.6552 to 34.4839) and in the intervention group 11 units (from 37.6552 to 26.5517) significantly decreased after the emotion regulation training (5. /.>p).
Conclusions: Primary pregnant women who received emotion regulation training had lower fear of delivery than control group. Reduce. The result of the study confirms the importance of emotion regulation training in reducing the mean score of fear of childbirth.
Methods: This field trial study included inclusion criteria: 18-9 years old, single, gaining more than 28 of the Birth Fear Questionnaire, and exclusion criteria: Non-Migration by the end of the study. Et al. (2008) standardized and localized. Exclusion criteria included: unwillingness to continue cooperation, occurrence of severe stressful event during the study (accident, death of a first degree relative), conversion of low risk pregnancy to high risk pregnancy (preterm birth, placental abnormalities, polygamy). , Recommended for absolute rest by a midwife or gynecologist). The scores on this questionnaire ranged from 14 to 56 and higher scores indicated greater fear. No Anxiety: You didn't have that fear at all. 2 Very Low Anxiety: Not enough to be called fear. Moderate anxiety: Annoying: but not enough to affect your health and comfort 4 High anxiety: Worry is a concern that affects your health and comfort.
Initially, after completing the informed consent form, and if they scored more than 1, they were told by the Fear Questionnaire, this was a research task with two intervention and control groups. The assignment to each of the groups is completely random, and if they are in the intervention group, they will be invited to participate in the emotion regulation classes and the classes are completely optional. They were then assigned to a random sequence of letters A and B using random block allocation (binary random blocks designed and executed by a computer system). Sorting the descending phobia scores downward for the volunteer mothers would result in homogeneity in successive scores (a suitable random stratification approach), so that the mean scores in groups A and B were very close to each other. The first group consisted of 10 subjects, with one person being excluded from the study during the sessions. The first group meetings ended with 9 people. The second group started with 10 people who ended up in sessions with 9 people due to the death of his father. The third group started with 11 people and the 11 people continued until the end. Statistical analysis was performed on 29 patients in the intervention group and 31 in the control group. The pretest-posttest and control group design was performed on 62 primigravida 28-32 weeks’ pregnant women in Gorgan health centers. Sampling was done by stratified random sampling and restricted minimization method. Data collection tool was demographic data form and Persian Questionnaire 14 "Fear of delivery" questionnaire which was completed by both groups at the beginning of the study. Mothers of intervention group in 9 to 11 group in two 120 minute sessions. Weekly group training received emotion regulation according to Grasse model. Mothers in control group did not receive any intervention. At the end of the eighth session, the postnatal phase of the Fear Questionnaire was completed with a range of 14 items by both groups. Statistical analysis was performed using parametric tests of chi-square, t-test, and non-parametric tests of chi-square, Mann-Whitney at 95% confidence level and 80% test power using SPSS 18 software.
Results: The results of the present study showed that in the control group, the mean fear score of 3 units (from 37.6552 to 34.4839) and in the intervention group 11 units (from 37.6552 to 26.5517) significantly decreased after the emotion regulation training (5. /.>p).
Conclusions: Primary pregnant women who received emotion regulation training had lower fear of delivery than control group. Reduce. The result of the study confirms the importance of emotion regulation training in reducing the mean score of fear of childbirth.
Asieh.sadat Baniaghil, Fatemeh Bayenat, Masumeh Rezaei Aval, Nasser Behnampour,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract
Background: Fear of childbirth can affect the health of the mother and the baby, which can be associated with unfavorable consequences. This study was conducted to determine effects of an emotion regulation training based on the Gross model on the fear of childbirth in primigravida women.
Methods: This randomized field trial was conducted on 62 primigravida women with a gestational age of 28-32 weeks, who were referred to comprehensive healthcare centers in Gorgan (Iran) from April to November 2019. Subjects were selected using simple random sampling. The subjects were randomly divided into a control group (n=31) and an intervention group (n=29) based on their mean score of fear of childbirth at pretest. The Gross model-based emotion regulation training was held in 8 sessions of 120 minutes, twice a week, for women in the intervention group in three groups. The control group received routine training programs. Data were collected using the Persian version of the 14-item fear of childbirth questionnaire, at baseline and one month after the intervention. Statistical analysis of data was carried out in SPSS software (version 16) and at significance level of 0.05.
Results: The demographic characteristics of the subjects did not differ significantly between the two groups. After the training intervention, the mean score of fear of childbirth in the intervention group (26.55±5.44) was significantly lower than that in the control group (34.48±7.32) (P=0.0001).
Conclusion: Based on the results, we suggest providing the Gross model-based emotion regulation training in health care centers in order to reduce the fear of childbirth in primigravida women.
Ezgi Şahi̇n, Saadet Yazici,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract
Background: The research was carried out to examine the effect of a parenting preparation course given to midwifery students during an academic semester on the preferred mode of delivery, fear of childbirth, and traumatic birth perception.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design that included 47 second-year students enrolled in the parenting preparation course. Students took the parenthood preparation course, 2 hours a week, for 14 weeks. Data were collected using a descriptive information form, the pre-pregnancy fear of birth scale, and the perception of traumatic birth scale. Paired t-test and chi-square test were used to evaluate intragroup and intergroup differences. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 software at a statistical significance of 0.05.
Results: The mean age of the students was 20.13±0.67 years. The mean score of pre-pregnancy fear of childbirth was 40.46±9.37 in the pretest and 23.61±6.79 in the posttest. In addition, the mean score of traumatic childbirth perception decreased from 77.34±25.15 in the pretest to 39.44±13.78 in the posttest. The number of students who preferred cesarean section decreased significantly, while the number of students who preferred vaginal delivery increased after the preparation course.
Conclusion: Parenting preparation classes can contribute to the reduction of fear of childbirth and the perception of traumatic childbirth in women.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design that included 47 second-year students enrolled in the parenting preparation course. Students took the parenthood preparation course, 2 hours a week, for 14 weeks. Data were collected using a descriptive information form, the pre-pregnancy fear of birth scale, and the perception of traumatic birth scale. Paired t-test and chi-square test were used to evaluate intragroup and intergroup differences. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 software at a statistical significance of 0.05.
Results: The mean age of the students was 20.13±0.67 years. The mean score of pre-pregnancy fear of childbirth was 40.46±9.37 in the pretest and 23.61±6.79 in the posttest. In addition, the mean score of traumatic childbirth perception decreased from 77.34±25.15 in the pretest to 39.44±13.78 in the posttest. The number of students who preferred cesarean section decreased significantly, while the number of students who preferred vaginal delivery increased after the preparation course.
Conclusion: Parenting preparation classes can contribute to the reduction of fear of childbirth and the perception of traumatic childbirth in women.
Nahid Haji Hoseini , Narjes Sadat Borghei , Mitra Reyhani , Mahin Tatari,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (10-2023)
Volume 20, Issue 2 (10-2023)
Abstract
Background: Husband attendance during labor provides psychological support for her, and may also affect the duration of childbirth. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of the husband attendance in delivery ward on duration of labor and mode of delivery of primigravid women.
Methods: The present study is a field trial study that was performed on 57 couple in Kalaleh hospital in 2021 of primigravid women. The samples were assigned to two groups using a quadratic block method. The intervention group husbands attended beside their wife for at least two hours during active phase and control group received routine care. Data were collected using information form and checklist and analyzed using Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Fisher's exact test.
Results: The mean of husband attendance during labor in minute was 152.32±32.25 in the intervention group. The mean of active phase in minute was 279.43±169.78 in the intervention and 345.69±167.94 in the control groups, despite the difference of 66.26 minutes in the averages, it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in the mode of delivery in the two groups.
Conclusion: There was no difference in the duration and mode of delivery in the two groups under investigation, thus 2 hours husbands' attendance in delivery ward did not affect time and mode of delivery.
Methods: The present study is a field trial study that was performed on 57 couple in Kalaleh hospital in 2021 of primigravid women. The samples were assigned to two groups using a quadratic block method. The intervention group husbands attended beside their wife for at least two hours during active phase and control group received routine care. Data were collected using information form and checklist and analyzed using Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Fisher's exact test.
Results: The mean of husband attendance during labor in minute was 152.32±32.25 in the intervention group. The mean of active phase in minute was 279.43±169.78 in the intervention and 345.69±167.94 in the control groups, despite the difference of 66.26 minutes in the averages, it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in the mode of delivery in the two groups.
Conclusion: There was no difference in the duration and mode of delivery in the two groups under investigation, thus 2 hours husbands' attendance in delivery ward did not affect time and mode of delivery.
Hayedeh Arbabi, Mahin Badakhsh,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Volume 21, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Background: Pregnancy and childbirth can be considered as an opportunity to expand thoughts or renew feeling on spiritual beliefs. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between spiritual health and childbirth experience among Iranian pregnant women.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted on 250 pregnant women referred to the Labor, Delivery and Recovery Room (LDR) of Amir al-Momenin Hospital in Zabol (Eastern Iran) for childbirth. Non-random convenience sampling method was used to collect the samples. Data collection tools included a personal characteristics questionnaire, childbirth experience questionnaire (CEQ), and spiritual health questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using statistical tests, such as Pearson correlation test, independent t-test, and One-Way ANOVA. The level of statistical significance was set at 0.05.
Results: The results of present study showed that the mean age of pregnant women was 25.66 ± 5.73 years, with their mean score of birth experience being 64.97 ± 4.62 and their mean score of spiritual health being 88.89 ± 7.1. The results also showed a statistically significant relationship between birth experience and spiritual health (R =1, P=0.007).
Conclusion: In this study, as the score of spiritual well-being increased, the score of childbirth experience also increased. Thus, we suggest the findings of this study to be used as a basis for further research in other regions of the country and among a more diverse population of mothers with different backgrounds and cultures.
Mehrdad Rohaninasab, Masumeh Hesari, Zahra Mollazadeh Narestan , Akram Gazerani,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (10-2024)
Volume 21, Issue 3 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background: The increasing prevalence of preterm birth in many societies has raised concerns. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with preterm birth in hospitals in Neyshabur, Eastern Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 273 neonates born before 37 weeks of gestational age between 2017 and 2019 in the educational hospitals of Neyshabur. The infants were included in the research through convenience sampling. The research tool consisted of items addressing issues related to both mothers and newborns. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22, employing descriptive and analytical statistics, including chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.
Results: The rate of preterm birth in Neyshabur over the three-year period was 2.85%. Bicornuate uterus (1.83%) and cervical insufficiency (1.46%) were the most observed uterine factors, while umbilical cord prolapse (1.83%) and placental adhesion (1.46%) were the most prevalent placental factors. Moreover, breech presentation (10.98%) was the most common co-occurring fetal factor in preterm birth. A significant difference was found between the length of pregnancy and the type of delivery (vaginal or cesarean section) (P=0.003).
Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of preterm birth in Neyshabur, it is recommended that mothers undergo periodic evaluations before and during pregnancy to identify and manage any accompanying problems or underlying conditions promptly.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 273 neonates born before 37 weeks of gestational age between 2017 and 2019 in the educational hospitals of Neyshabur. The infants were included in the research through convenience sampling. The research tool consisted of items addressing issues related to both mothers and newborns. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22, employing descriptive and analytical statistics, including chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.
Results: The rate of preterm birth in Neyshabur over the three-year period was 2.85%. Bicornuate uterus (1.83%) and cervical insufficiency (1.46%) were the most observed uterine factors, while umbilical cord prolapse (1.83%) and placental adhesion (1.46%) were the most prevalent placental factors. Moreover, breech presentation (10.98%) was the most common co-occurring fetal factor in preterm birth. A significant difference was found between the length of pregnancy and the type of delivery (vaginal or cesarean section) (P=0.003).
Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of preterm birth in Neyshabur, it is recommended that mothers undergo periodic evaluations before and during pregnancy to identify and manage any accompanying problems or underlying conditions promptly.
Naghme Razaghi, Zahra Kariznoei , Narges Yaghoobi Beglar, Nasir Zaidi ,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (12-2024)
Volume 21, Issue 4 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background: The birth of a premature baby and the long treatment process lead to conflict and inconsistency between the hope, values, and beliefs of mothers and the occurrence of spiritual distress. This study aims to explore the needs and potential spiritual capacities of mothers of premature babies admitted to the NICU.
Methods: This qualitative content analysis study included 15 mothers of premature infants hospitalized in four neonatal intensive care units in Mashhad, Iran, in 2021. The participants were selected using purposeful sampling and engaged in deep, semi-structured interviews with the FICA (faith, importance, community, address) questionnaire. The study included mothers of premature babies born between 28 and 32 weeks who were hospitalized for at least three days, did not have mental disorders, and were identified as Iranian or Muslim. The data were analyzed using the content analysis method developed by Granheim and Lundman.
Results: The data analysis revealed four main themes. The first theme referred to "potential spiritual capacities," with subthemes including belief in a divine source, belief in religious rituals, and empathetic support. The other three themes refer to spiritual needs, including “challenges of faith,” encompassing subthemes of doubts in beliefs and guilt, “need for compassionate care,” which includes subthemes related to the necessity of a deep connection between the nurse and the mother, the need for dignity in care, and finally, ‘need for value and positive expectations,’ featuring subthemes addressing the challenges of meaning of life and the need for hope, highlights the spiritual needs of mothers.
Conclusion: Many parents of premature babies share similar spiritual needs. This research provides a new perspective for understanding the spiritual needs of premature baby mothers. Nurses should assess these needs and design appropriate interventions according to their potential spiritual capacities.
Methods: This qualitative content analysis study included 15 mothers of premature infants hospitalized in four neonatal intensive care units in Mashhad, Iran, in 2021. The participants were selected using purposeful sampling and engaged in deep, semi-structured interviews with the FICA (faith, importance, community, address) questionnaire. The study included mothers of premature babies born between 28 and 32 weeks who were hospitalized for at least three days, did not have mental disorders, and were identified as Iranian or Muslim. The data were analyzed using the content analysis method developed by Granheim and Lundman.
Results: The data analysis revealed four main themes. The first theme referred to "potential spiritual capacities," with subthemes including belief in a divine source, belief in religious rituals, and empathetic support. The other three themes refer to spiritual needs, including “challenges of faith,” encompassing subthemes of doubts in beliefs and guilt, “need for compassionate care,” which includes subthemes related to the necessity of a deep connection between the nurse and the mother, the need for dignity in care, and finally, ‘need for value and positive expectations,’ featuring subthemes addressing the challenges of meaning of life and the need for hope, highlights the spiritual needs of mothers.
Conclusion: Many parents of premature babies share similar spiritual needs. This research provides a new perspective for understanding the spiritual needs of premature baby mothers. Nurses should assess these needs and design appropriate interventions according to their potential spiritual capacities.
Jialu Li, Yue Zhao , Maoyun Miao , Yaqi Huang , Zhichao Liu , Guiyu Qu , Shixiang Chen ,
Volume 22, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Volume 22, Issue 3 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background: The reproductive willingness of women of childbearing age and its related factors is key to coping with the change in population structure. This study aimed to explore fertility intention and associated factors for having a second child among Chinese nurses.
Methods: A cross-sectional multi-center study was conducted in three hospitals in Shandong, China, from November 2023 to January 2024. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling among female nurses. The survey was conducted face to face, enabling participants to ask questions and clarify difficulties with the questionnaire.
Data were analyzed via IBM SPSS 19.0. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to clarify the determinants of respondents’ fertility intention (yes, no, or not sure), with a p-value less than 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: Overall, 39.2% of participants reported that they would not have a second child under the current birth policy, which accounted for the highest proportion. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that those with higher work-family conflict, higher income, and late pregnancy were more likely to report a negative response toward fertility intention for a second child.
Conclusion: Family economic condition, age of the first child, and overloaded work were found to be significant influencing factors of Chinese nurses’ fertility intention to have a second child. Existing policies in China should continue to be implemented, including policy support and ideological guidance, to ensure that nurses have fewer worries when deciding to give birth to their second child. Limited by the cross-sectional study design, more qualitative studies are needed to explore barriers among populations who do not intend to have a second child.
Methods: A cross-sectional multi-center study was conducted in three hospitals in Shandong, China, from November 2023 to January 2024. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling among female nurses. The survey was conducted face to face, enabling participants to ask questions and clarify difficulties with the questionnaire.
Data were analyzed via IBM SPSS 19.0. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to clarify the determinants of respondents’ fertility intention (yes, no, or not sure), with a p-value less than 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: Overall, 39.2% of participants reported that they would not have a second child under the current birth policy, which accounted for the highest proportion. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that those with higher work-family conflict, higher income, and late pregnancy were more likely to report a negative response toward fertility intention for a second child.
Conclusion: Family economic condition, age of the first child, and overloaded work were found to be significant influencing factors of Chinese nurses’ fertility intention to have a second child. Existing policies in China should continue to be implemented, including policy support and ideological guidance, to ensure that nurses have fewer worries when deciding to give birth to their second child. Limited by the cross-sectional study design, more qualitative studies are needed to explore barriers among populations who do not intend to have a second child.
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