---

  Background and Objective : Academic achievement is associated with the knowledge and application of effective study skills. The aim of the current study was to investigate the study skills of nursing and midwifery students of Golestan University of Medical Sciences.

  Material and Methods : In this descriptive study, 211 students were recruited through census in 2008-2009 academic years. The data was collected by using Cangas Study Skills Inventory (CSSI).Reading ability, note-taking, memory enhancement, readiness to exam , concentration and time managements were the subscales surveyed.­ the data derived from the instrument was analyzed by statistical tests, using SPSS software.

  Results: The mean standard deviation is 2.47±0.40 of four. The reported study skills are weak (43.6%), moderate­ (53.6%) ­and sufficient­ (2.8%).­The study skills of female students is significantly higher than males (p=0.017) and freshmen’s Study skills is better than that others (p<0.0001).

  Conclusion: The study skills of the majority of students are not sufficient. It seems that studying in university could not improve study skills and it is a necessity for the students to pass study skills workshop or even a course as a part of university curriculum.

  Keywords: Study skills, Students, Medical sciences

---

Background and Objective:‌One of the most common complications of IUD users is dysmenorrhea, which is not the same in different IUDs. The aim of this study was to compare the dysmenorrhea in IUD multi-load 375 and IUD copper T 380 A.
Material and Methods: ‌‌A randomized double- blinded controlled clinical trial was conducted on 48 women referring to a health-center ‌in Tabriz, from 2011jan-2012 oct.The participants ‌were randomly allocated to two groups of multi-load 375 IUD and the copper T 380A IUD ( located in a four-member and six-member block).We measured the amount of dysmenorrhea with Visual Analog Scale , before the IUD insertion and four mouths later. The data was analyzed by SPSS-13, using Mann-Whitney, Regression, Fridmans test.
Results: The results showed that the severity and duration of dysmenorrhea in two groups of IUD were significantly different, considering ‌the factors such as the baseline dismenorrhea‌, the utilized drug and the interval between the last labor and IUD insertion.The dysmenorrhea in multi-load group was decreased and in copper T increased significantly.
Conclusion: Based on the results , multi-load IUD results in considerable reduction in the severity and duration of dysmenorrhea. Therefore, it is reccomended counseling about both multi-load IUD and Copper T in the family planning service centers.